Geothermal heating system uses constant temperature of the earth which can be called as heat sink which can provide heating or cooling or both for homes and commercial buildings. Usually refrigerant or water is pumped from outside to inside which carries heat from one region to another.

There three main components of the geothermal heating systems; Loop field on the property, water source heat pump and liquid pump pack. Loop field is actually a network of tubes. This loop network can be installed horizontally or vertically there are many different types of loop systems are available in market.

There are mainly twp types of loop systems Closed loop system and Open loop systems. Closed loop system is a commonly used system which has a fluid which circulated through loop pipes. There is no direct contact of flowing liquid and earth; heat transfer is done across the pipe. There are four sub types of Vertical loop field, horizontal loop field, horizontal loop field, slinky loop field and Pond loop field

Pond loop field is sometime referred as Closed pond loop field. This is not very common loop field but it has become very popular is last few years. In this type of loop field heat is abstracted from bottom of pond or some other water resources. Coils or loops of pipes are placed at the bottom of medium sized pond or some other water resource. Department of Natural Resourced promotes this kind of loop field system using ponds. The whole pond loop field system is literally sinks in the ponds. This loop system is horizontal type system. Pond loop system is similar to slinky pond system only difference is that this system is attached to a frame and is located is water; whereas slinky system is placed on soil. Pond loop field system is 12 ton system which is very large in size so it is not suitable for residential application. This system is suitable big commercial complexes situated near some water resources or ponds.

This loop system then attached to heat pumps; where actually heat exchange is done.