The winds of industrial revolution have blown over the world and the main objective of production has become exploiting the nature to do mans bidding. Nature has revolted against this treatment, and many issues have sprung up. Finally man has realized that it is wise to live in harmony with nature rather than harnessing it to do ones bidding.

Geothermal energy is a renewable source of energy that can be used as an energy resource that is pollution free and eco friendly. The heat energy that is found inside the earth is known as the geothermal energy.

The geothermal energy can be harnessed with the help of geothermal heat pumps. This energy now a days is being utilized in heating and cooling functions. The major components of the system are the loop field, liquid pump pack and the water source heat pump. The loop field is of two type the open loop field and the closed loop field. In case of the open loop field the water or the working fluid that does the work of transferring the heat from one heat source to another is taken from a water source near by. The water is first taken from the source and then returned back into it with a slight change in its temperature.

The well or the source that is used is termed as the diffusion well. Diffusion wells are used in the areas where sources of water are available in abundance. When the pump executes heating function especially during winter in the cold countries heat energy of the water is extracted by the heat pump. During summer when the geothermal heat pump acts as a cooler or an air conditioner the heat is deposited in the water and the diffusion well is used as a heat pit.

After the respective cooling or heating the water is returned to the well.

The use of such kind of system is not always advisable. The source of the diffusion well sometimes gets polluted and sometimes the biological factors in the source might get affected. Sometimes due to over functioning i.e. due to over heating or over cooling of the water the source might get thermally polluted.

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